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Managing Cases with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Knowing the Dynamics from Voluntary Counselling and Testing Clients in Bobo-Dioulasso for Better Planning in Burkina Faso (1996-2014)  [PDF]
Armel Poda, M’winmalo Ines Evelyne Da, Ziemlé Clément Méda, Serge Somda, Arsène Héma, Jacques Zoungrana, Isidore Traoré, Apoline Sondo, Ismael Diallo, Mamadaou Savadogo, Issiaka Sombié, Madina Traoré, Nicolas Méda
Advances in Infectious Diseases (AID) , 2019, DOI: 10.4236/aid.2019.92010
Abstract: Background: The Anonymous Screening and Information Centre (CADI) is the oldest screening centre of HIV from Burkina Faso. Since its opening, no analysis on the evolution of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevalence has been carried out. Objective: The study aimed to describe the dynamics of HIV infection when managing centres offering voluntary counselling and testing to client, such as the Screening and Counselling Centre (CADI), in Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed including people screened at the CADI from May 1996 to June 2014. Pearson khi2 test and Cuzick trend test were used with a 5% significance level. Results: From 7.1% of the 11,451 cases analyzed, the average age of clients screened was 30 ± 10.83 year-old. There was a female predominance (sex ratio = 0.8). The 16.4% (15.7 - 17.1) of the cases from the 11,451 clients included in our study were tested HIV positive. The global prevalence rate of HIV in the centre has significantly decreased from 46.2% in 1996 to 1.5% in 2014 (p < 0.0001). In 1999, 2001, and 2006, the peaks of the HIV prevalence rates were noted: 22.9%, 34.1%, and 22.8% respectively. CADI’s customers’ profile has significantly changed. Therefore between 1996 and 2000, people with HIV symptoms were more common at the centre (42.7%). From 2001 to 2008, physician-prescribed screenings were best predominant (83.95%). From 2008 to 2014, a total of 72.7% people reported with reason for the screening a desire to know their serological status. Conclusion: The behaviour change could be a justification for the decline in HIV prevalence at the centre, hence the importance of sensitization campaigns.
SEROTYPING AND ANTIMICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCE OF SALMONELLA ISOLATED FROM LETTUCE AND HUMAN DIARRHEA SAMPLES IN BURKINA FASO.
Barro Nicolas,Bassolé Ismael Henri Nestor,Bonkoungou Ouindgueta Juste Isidore,Savadogo Aly,Somda Namwin Siourimè,Traoré Oumar,Traoré Yves
- , 2017, DOI: 10.21010/ajid.v11i2.4
Abstract: In Burkina Faso dirty water in particular those of the stoppings and the gutter ones are used for vegetables irrigation in the gardens. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella serotypes from humans and lettuce samples inBurkina Faso
Epidemiology of rotavirus infection among young children with acute diarrhoea in Burkina Faso
Isidore JO Bonkoungou, Idrissa Sanou, Fabienne Bon, Benoit Benon, Sheick O Coulibaly, Kaisa Haukka, Alfred S Traoré, Nicolas Barro
BMC Pediatrics , 2010, DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-10-94
Abstract: Between November 2008 and February 2010, stool specimens from 447 children less than 5 years of age suffering from diarrhoea were tested for the presence of rotavirus by antigen detection using an immunochromatographic test. Sociodemographic, environmental and clinical factors were assessed during the study.Rotavirus antigen was detected in 151 (33.8%) of the patients. Most of the cases (94.2%) were in children < 24 months of age. Fever and vomiting were the symptoms most commonly reported in association with rotavirus diarrhoea and the patients were often hospitalized. Rotavirus-associated diarrhoea occurred mostly during the season from December to April (dry season). Rotavirus infection was significantly less frequent in breast-fed than among bottle-fed babies.The results of this study underscore the need to control rotavirus infections among young children in Burkina Faso and may argue a decision on the introduction of rotavirus vaccine in Burkina Faso.Rotavirus is a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide [1]. It has been estimated that about 39% of childhood diarrhoea hospitalizations are caused by rotaviruses and nearly half a million children die from rotavirus infections each year [2]. Furthermore, rotavirus mortality is concentrated in the developing countries on the Asian subcontinent, Africa, and Latin America where access to health care facilities is limited [3]. This may result in a significant disease burden and economic effect of direct medical costs, loss of work, quality of life and mortality. In other diarrhoeal diseases, improvement of hygiene and sanitation may reduce the incidence, but these measures are unlikely sufficient for rotavirus control. Vaccination is the only control measure likely to have a significant impact on the incidence of severely dehydrating rotavirus disease [4]. Two new live-attenuated rotavirus vaccines (Rotarix？ and RotaTeq？) have demonstrated very good safety and efficacy profiles in
Effect of a Nutrition Education Intervention on Mothers’ Infant and Young Child Feeding Knowledge and Practices in the Peri-Urban Areas of Bobo-Dioulasso: Before and after Study  [PDF]
Alain Hien, Jérome W. Somé, Roland Nag-Tiero Meda, Augustin N. Zeba, Isidore Traoré, Georges Anicet Ouedraogo
Food and Nutrition Sciences (FNS) , 2023, DOI: 10.4236/fns.2023.143013
Abstract: Background: This study assessed the effect of a nutrition education intervention aiming to improve the knowledge and practices of under 5 years children’s mothers on infant and young child feeding in peri urban areas of Bobo-Dioulasso in Burkina Faso. Methods: A total of 243 mothers of children under 5 years in the peri-urban of Bobo-Dioulasso were surveyed before and after the intervention using the FAO questionnaire for infant and young child feeding (IYCF) knowledge and practices assessment in January and October 2017. The intervention included two components consisting of a theoretical phase (counselling and discussion) and cooking demonstrations implemented for ten months. To account for the before-and-after design of the study, the McNemar’s test was used to assess the effect of the intervention on mothers’ infant and young child feeding knowledge and practices. Results: The mean age of mothers was 29 ± 6.2 years and 50.6% of the mothers were between 20 and 29 years old. All indicators used to assess the mothers’ knowledge of breastfeeding and complementary feeding significantly improved after the intervention (all p-values < 0.05). In terms of child feeding practices, half of the indicators (early breastfeeding initiation, age of complementary feeding initiation, and minimum meal frequency) significantly increased (all p = 0.001) while two indicators (minimum dietary diversity, and minimum acceptable diet) did not change (p = 0.06 and 0.67) after the intervention. Finally, continued breastfeeding, significantly declined after the intervention (73.3% vs 86.0% p = 0.001). Conclusion: The intervention improved the mothers’ knowledge on breastfeeding and complementary feeding and some child feeding practices. This study provided some evidence of an effective nutrition education intervention to increase maternal knowledge and practices.
Utilization of Health Services in the Burkina Faso Health System: Empirical Evidence of Health System Fragmentation and Integration  [PDF]
Ousmane Traoré
Modern Economy (ME) , 2016, DOI: 10.4236/me.2016.713139
Abstract:
In this paper, the utilization of health services in the context of health system fragmentation in Burkina Faso is analyzed using household living condition survey data. The methodology explores the relationships between population health risk factors and health services utilization. The results of the analysis highlighted eight reference care providers in the Burkina Faso health system; thus, the probability of service use in the first level of the system, assumed to be its point of entry, is significantly and negatively associated with age and sex, with a lower probability for female gender. As a whole, the health risk factors positively influence the probability of service use at the higher levels of the health system and in the private sector. The results suggest that utilization of the traditional health sector remains predominated by the elderly. These results thus suggest the need for coordination of care across the levels of the public healthcare sector, on the one hand, and the presence of interaction and integration between the traditional or private sector and the public sector, on the other hand.
Growing Sandpile Problem with Local and Non-Local Boundaries Conditions  [PDF]
Urbain Traoré
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics (JAMP) , 2021, DOI: 10.4236/jamp.2021.910153
Abstract: In this paper, we study a class of Prigozhin equation for growing sandpile problem subject to local and a non-local boundary condition. The problem is a generalized model for a growing sandpile problem with Neumann boundary condition (see [1]). By the semi-group theory, we prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution for the model and thanks to a duality method we do the numerical analysis of the problem. We finish our work by doing numerical simulations to validate our theoretical results.
Review:"This Life", By Karel Schoeman (2005)
Isidore Diala
Tydskrif vir letterkunde , 2006,
Abstract: Cape Town: Human & Rousseau 227 pp ISBN 0-7981-4552-8 Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 43(2) 2006: 230-231
André Brink: An aesthetics of response
Isidore Diala
Tydskrif vir letterkunde , 2005,
Abstract: André Brink: An aesthetics of response [English] As a commentator on the enormities of the apartheid state, André Brink rose to international prominence during the struggle against apartheid in the 1970s and 1980s. In interviews, speeches and non-fictional writing, Brink\'s enduring meditation on the writer\'s responsibility to a society in a state of moral and political siege is exemplary in its revelation and passionate interrogation of the subtle discursive strategies of apartheid. Beginning with Looking on Darkness, Brink\'s fiction apparently shares similar concerns. However, recurrently engaging with colonial and racial myths, Brink\'s fiction invariably tends towards their revalidation; polemically opposed to the Afrikaner hegemony, his fiction nonetheless paradoxically often reads like a veiled reification of the apartheid power structure. Locating Brink\'s anti-apartheid reputation firmly in his non-fictional discourse, this essay also explores the dynamism of Brink\'s critical sensibilities in a movement that stretches from social realism (in the apartheid dispensation) to postmodernism in post-apartheid South Africa. It also attempts to account for Brink\'s novelistic and political dilemmas by highlighting the implications of his constant evocation of an apocalyptic vision typically deriving from his Afrikaner heritage and even more crucially of his abiding recourse to Eurocentric humanist universals. The essay finally engages with the paradox that the aesthetic approach which vitiated the urgency of Brink\'s liberation politics in apartheid South Africa may well be the main spring of his significance in post-apartheid South Africa and the international community. Key Words: André Brink, aesthetics of response, anti-apartheid, writer\'s responsibility. Tydskrif vir Letterkunde Vol. 42(1) 2005: 5-30
Strategies to address alcohol problems
Obot Isidore
Bulletin of the World Health Organization , 2006,
Abstract:
L1 Compactness of Bounded BV Sets
Isidore Fleischer
Mathematics , 2002,
Abstract: Functions, uniformly bounded in $BV$ norm in some bounded open set $U$ in $R^n$, are compact in $L_1(U)$. This result is known when $U$ has Lipschitz boundary [EG Th. 4 p. 176], [G 1.19 Th. p. 17], [Z 5.34 Cor. p. 227]; the proof for general $U$ here, after identifying the operator theoretic definition of bounded $BV$ norm with that of the Tonelli variation, appeals to the standard compactness criterion in $L_1$ [DS 21 TH. p. 301] [Y, p. 275] (For completeness, these two auxiliary results are also presented).
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